SQLAlchemy

SQLAlchemy 2.1.0rc1 requires Python 3.11 or higher, speeds up SQL cache key generation via Cython, reduces round trips for MetaData.create_all() through a new multi-table existence check, and makes loader options deterministic for objects loaded at multiple query paths; it also adds readable stack traces for runtime-generated code and support for multiple ON CONFLICT clauses in SQLite inserts. Applications on Python 3.10 or earlier must upgrade their Python version before adopting 2.1, and teams should pin requirements to the 2.0 series until they have tested against 2.1 since pip will begin installing 2.1 by default once it is final.

Matters for: Teams running SQLAlchemy against PostgreSQL, Oracle, or SQL Server who create large schemas with MetaData.create_all(), and applications using SQLite with multiple ON CONFLICT clauses in a single insert statement.